In South Africa, historical connections to Russia’s anti-colonial narrative shape public sentiment, rooted in Cold War allegiances. Notable figures like Sue Dobson exemplify these ties. While Russia faces condemnation from Western powers over Ukraine, half of African nations refrained from denouncing it, reflecting lingering admiration for its anti-imperialist support during historical conflicts. This connection remains relevant in contemporary geopolitics, influencing South African political perspectives toward Russia.
In South Africa, the historical ties between the nation and Russia’s anti-colonial narrative resonate prominently within public opinion. This sentiment is rooted in the Cold War era, exemplified by Sue Dobson, who, in 1986, was trained by the African National Congress (ANC) in Moscow as a spy against apartheid. Her experiences reflect a broader camaraderie stemming from shared opposition to Western colonialism and imperialism during that period.
Following her training, Dobson returned to South Africa, joining the apartheid regime’s Bureau of Information, where her past associations with the ANC were eventually uncovered. This led her to make a harrowing escape to the UK, with assistance from Soviet diplomats. While Dobson remains hesitant to comment on Russia’s actions in Ukraine, the legacy of Russia’s historical support for anti-colonial resistance affects contemporary African nations’ perspectives on its foreign policies.
In a notable shift, only half of African governments denounced Russia during the UN proceedings in 2022, a stark contrast to the global condemnation faced by the Kremlin. Experts attribute this divergence to Russia’s long-standing engagement in supporting anti-imperialist movements throughout Africa, particularly seen during the 19th century when it allied with Ethiopia against Italian occupation.
Historian Oleksandr Polianichev clarifies, however, that the extent of Russia’s involvement in Ethiopia has been overstated, tracing exaggerated claims back to Nikolai Leontiev, who misrepresented his role in the historic Battle of Adwa. While Russia did furnish some outdated weaponry, logistical issues prevented timely assistance during the war.
During the Cold War, the Soviet Union expanded its influence by backing anti-colonial factions in various African nations, including Angola and Mozambique, against Western-supported adversaries. The USSR also played a crucial role in Egypt’s independence efforts, promoting socialism as a favorable alternative to Western capitalism, while simultaneously securing valuable trade agreements.
Moreover, the Soviet Union established Patrice Lumumba University in Moscow in the 1960s, offering scholarships to numerous African students. Despite instances of racial violence that contradicted Moscow’s claims of being a colonial antithesis, many African students continued to seek education in the USSR, valuing the opportunities presented.
The ANC, South Africa’s ruling party, continues to recognize the Soviet Union’s historical contributions towards its rise to power. This acknowledgment has cultivated a sense of respect and historical ties, influencing the South African government’s current neutral stance regarding Russia’s actions.
Grassroots support for Russia is also evident; rallies in South Africa have seen counter-protests that display pro-Russian sentiment, supported by Moscow’s strategic financial forgiveness and military involvement in regions facing security crises. Political historian Polianichev claims that the allure of Russia’s anti-colonial narrative resonates with global leaders, as it aligns with their own political ideologies. However, he cautions that Russia’s past can easily resurface should the political landscape change.
This examination elucidates the intricate historical ties between South Africa and Russia, rooted in shared anti-colonial sentiments. Such connections continue to shape contemporary perspectives on Russia, allowing for a nuanced public opinion that diverges from Western condemnation. The lasting impact of historical alliances during the Cold War, coupled with recent political dynamics, illustrates the complexities that influence African nations’ responses to modern geopolitical challenges.
Original Source: www.aljazeera.com
